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Man and nature: an ancient but still unresolved relationship
The man-nature relationship has been construed in different ways in different cultures but over time there has been a progressive accentuation of the anthropocentric vision. The possible causes of this cultural process are considered, with particular reference to technological capabilities, as well as its implications.
A brief review of the theoretical models and of the measures used to study the man-nature relationship leads to the conclusion that the very division between man and nature is a limit to an ecosystemic vision, more functional both on a theoretical level (models) and at a operational (interventions to maintain environmental balance).
The therapist’s toolbox in nature
After briefly summarizing the beneficial effects, on a physiological and psychological level, of contact with nature, the main aspects of the setting are considered, the places, the recipients, the characteristics of the therapist who decides to work in nature, the different roles they co- ver and the types of activities organized in the natural environment. Having described the spe- cific tools, techniques and skills of the therapist in nature, Nature Therapy is defined, which can be considered a form of psychotherapy: two people – client and therapist –and the relation- ship that develops between them, to which Nature is added as partner and co-therapist. Nature Therapy can be implemented in various ways: Forest Therapy, Adventure Therapy, Wilderness Therapy, Ecotherapy. The best known and most studied is the forest bath. These experiences involve the five senses and numerous psychophysiological functions. Finally, Mountain Therapy and Walking Therapy are described, along with some examples of their implementation.